突然被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)調(diào)去養(yǎng)豬：工資待遇不變；電工不服告到法院……

眼下正值畢業(yè)季，許多人不久后將入職單位、簽署勞動(dòng)合同，進(jìn)行輪崗、定崗。近日，一則勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案引發(fā)網(wǎng)友討論，當(dāng)技術(shù)電工被調(diào)去飼養(yǎng)員崗位，崗位爭(zhēng)議該如何認(rèn)定？是企業(yè)合理用工調(diào)整？還是變相貶損的崗位調(diào)整？

A court in Hunan province has ordered a livestock company to pay 13,586 yuan in compensation to an electrician whom it unilaterally transferred to work as a pig breeder, ruling that the reassignment constituted a fundamental breach of the employment contract.

電工被調(diào)崗去養(yǎng)豬

不去就自己離職？

2023年12月，來(lái)自湖南的龍某此前通過(guò)面試應(yīng)聘進(jìn)入到一家畜牧公司服務(wù)部從事電工工作，主要負(fù)責(zé)維修養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)的視頻監(jiān)控設(shè)備。2025年4月，公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)找他談話(huà)，說(shuō)要裁撤電工崗位，讓龍某到養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)去當(dāng)飼養(yǎng)員。

公司以其電工崗位撤銷(xiāo)為由，單方面將其調(diào)至養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)擔(dān)任飼養(yǎng)員，并要求接受三個(gè)月崗位技能培訓(xùn)。龍某認(rèn)為，此次調(diào)崗讓技術(shù)工種跨界從事毫無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)的體力勞動(dòng)，實(shí)質(zhì)上是帶有貶損性的崗位“流放”，斷然拒絕接受。

In December 2023, Long, a resident of Hunan province, was hired by a livestock company as an electrician in its service department, primarily responsible for maintaining video surveillance equipment at farming sites. In April 2025, management informed Long that his position was being abolished and that he would be transferred to a pig farm to work as a breeder.

The company unilaterally reassigned him to the farm role and required him to complete a three?month skills training program. Long refused, arguing that the move effectively exiled a skilled technician to manual labor with no relevance to his expertise — a demotion in all but name.

“他們那邊態(tài)度就很強(qiáng)硬，我非得要過(guò)去養(yǎng)豬，如果說(shuō)我不過(guò)去，就不服從公司的安排，要不就我自己離職。 ”當(dāng)事人龍某說(shuō)。

龍某再次與公司協(xié)商無(wú)果后，申請(qǐng)了勞動(dòng)仲裁，要求解除勞動(dòng)合同，并要求公司支付違法解除勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償金。經(jīng)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議仲裁院溝通后，畜牧公司表示不同意調(diào)解，龍某最終訴至法院。

After further negotiations failed, Long filed for labor arbitration, seeking termination of his contract and compensation for unlawful dismissal. When the company declined mediation, the case proceeded to court.

爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)：

“調(diào)崗”是否具有正當(dāng)性與合法性？

■ 勞動(dòng)仲裁委

仲裁委經(jīng)過(guò)審查認(rèn)為，依據(jù)雙方勞動(dòng)合同約定，公司可根據(jù)經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)際調(diào)整員工崗位。本案中，公司因撤銷(xiāo)電工崗位對(duì)龍某進(jìn)行調(diào)崗，且調(diào)崗后未降低其薪資待遇，同時(shí)為其提供了三個(gè)月的崗位培訓(xùn)期。綜合以上情形，仲裁委認(rèn)定公司此次調(diào)崗合理正當(dāng)，無(wú)需向龍某支付經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償。

The arbitration panel ruled in favor of the company, citing a clause in the employment contract that allowed the employer to adjust positions based on operational needs. Since Long's salary remained unchanged and the company offered training for the new role, the panel deemed the transfer reasonable and denied compensation.

■ 一審法院

龍某不服，向當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ禾崞鹪V訟。一審法院審理認(rèn)為，雙方簽訂的《全日制用工勞動(dòng)合同》明確約定，公司可根據(jù)工作及生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)需要調(diào)整員工崗位，龍某理應(yīng)依約服從合理調(diào)崗。

公司曾兩次向龍某下發(fā)催崗?fù)ㄖ笃淝巴聧徫粓?bào)到，逾期將按曠工處理，但龍某并未如期上崗。一審法院認(rèn)定，龍某無(wú)正當(dāng)理由拒絕上崗、拒不配合崗位培訓(xùn)，屬于消極履行勞動(dòng)合同義務(wù)，因此駁回了龍某要求公司支付經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償金的訴訟請(qǐng)求。

Long appealed to the local court. The trial court upheld the arbitration decision, noting that the contract explicitly permitted job adjustments. The company had issued two formal notices requiring Long to report to his new post, warning that failure to do so would be treated as absenteeism. Finding no justifiable reason for Long's refusal, the court dismissed his claim.

■ 二審法院

一審后龍某不服，向湖南省永州市中級(jí)人民法院提出上訴。二審法院認(rèn)為，本案爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)主要在于，公司調(diào)整崗位是否具有正當(dāng)性與合法性？是否有借調(diào)崗之名，變相逼迫勞動(dòng)者離職的情況？當(dāng)企業(yè)的用工自主權(quán)利與勞動(dòng)者的合法權(quán)利產(chǎn)生沖突時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣找到平衡點(diǎn)呢？

• 法院經(jīng)過(guò)審理，認(rèn)為工作崗位是勞動(dòng)合同的核心要素。勞動(dòng)者入職時(shí)，跟公司的人事部門(mén)溝通的崗位是電工崗位，勞動(dòng)者也具備相應(yīng)的證書(shū)，并且在合同簽訂之后，他一直從事的崗位就是為養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)的監(jiān)控設(shè)施設(shè)備進(jìn)行維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)。“電工”與“飼養(yǎng)員”在專(zhuān)業(yè)技能、工作性質(zhì)、職業(yè)內(nèi)容等方面存在本質(zhì)差異，此調(diào)崗已構(gòu)成對(duì)勞動(dòng)合同的根本性變更，應(yīng)當(dāng)在雙方協(xié)商一致的情況下才可以變更。

The Yongzhou Intermediate People's Court took a different view. The appellate court identified the core issue: whether the reassignment was justified and lawful, or whether it was a disguised attempt to force resignation.

The court underscored that job duties constitute a fundamental element of the employment contract. Long was hired specifically as an electrician, held relevant certifications, and had consistently performed electrical maintenance work throughout his tenure.

"Electrician" and "pig breeder" are inherently different in required skills, work nature, and professional content, the court reasoned. Such a transfer constituted a fundamental change to the employment contract, which requires mutual consent.

• 此外，法院審理發(fā)現(xiàn)，企業(yè)盡管對(duì)龍某說(shuō)要裁撤電工崗位，之后卻又將這一崗位外包出去，證明企業(yè)還是需要這一工種，但是企業(yè)并沒(méi)有拿出任何有關(guān)龍某無(wú)法勝任該崗位的證據(jù)。因此，二審法院認(rèn)為，企業(yè)撤銷(xiāo)電工崗位，并不具備必要性。

飼料公司未能舉證證明其撤銷(xiāo)電工崗位的經(jīng)營(yíng)必要性，亦無(wú)法說(shuō)明將專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員調(diào)至體力勞動(dòng)崗位的合理邏輯。該行為已實(shí)質(zhì)構(gòu)成 “未按照勞動(dòng)合同約定提供勞動(dòng)條件” ，屬于用人單位根本違約。因此，龍某有權(quán)解除勞動(dòng)合同并要求經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償。

Crucially, the court found that while the company claimed the electrician role was eliminated, it subsequently outsourced the same function — proving that the position remained necessary. The company presented no evidence that Long was unfit for his original role. Thus, the elimination lacked operational justification.

The court further ruled that the company failed to provide adequate working conditions as stipulated in the contract, constituting a fundamental breach. Long was therefore entitled to terminate the contract and claim statutory compensation.

最終，法院判決撤銷(xiāo)原判，改判飼料公司向龍某支付經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償金13586元。

The appellate court overturned the previous rulings and ordered the livestock company to pay Long 13,586 yuan in economic compensation.

法官提示：和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的構(gòu)建，需在企業(yè)管理效率與勞動(dòng)者權(quán)益保障之間找到最佳平衡點(diǎn)。用人單位應(yīng)摒棄“我令你從”的陳舊思維，在行使用工自主權(quán)時(shí)注入更多協(xié)商與善意；勞動(dòng)者則應(yīng)提升權(quán)利意識(shí)，在遭遇不公時(shí)善于運(yùn)用法律武器。司法實(shí)踐通過(guò)個(gè)案裁判不斷明晰規(guī)則，正是為了引導(dǎo)全社會(huì)形成 “權(quán)利有邊界，管理須合規(guī)” 的法治化用工環(huán)境。

來(lái)源： 央視新聞微信公眾號(hào)

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