北京
自古英雄愛(ài)美人，無(wú)論是鄰家窈窕小女，還是傾國(guó)傾城的絕代風(fēng)華，唐詩(shī)以美女為歌詠對(duì)象的名作，數(shù)不勝數(shù)。西施浣紗、昭君出塞、玉環(huán)風(fēng)華，絕代佳人鐫刻千古風(fēng)華。但是，那時(shí)貂蟬還未出現(xiàn)在文學(xué)作品中，所以，尚未有“四大美女”之說(shuō)。而唐代文人以詩(shī)寄情，俯仰世間各色佳人，落筆成無(wú)數(shù)溫婉詩(shī)篇。本次甄選十六首詠美唐詩(shī)助力文化出海，品讀字里行間的中式審美，借詩(shī)文留存古典女子神韻，向外傳遞獨(dú)有的東方婉約美學(xué)。
1、《雜曲歌辭·妾薄命》
（唐）武平
輕羅小扇白蘭花，纖腰玉帶舞天紗。
疑是仙女下凡來(lái)，回眸一笑勝星華。
賞析：輕羅小扇、纖腰玉帶，以仙女下凡喻美人，回眸一笑勝過(guò)星辰光華，極盡夸飾之能事。
A Lovely Maiden
By Wu Ping (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
A silk fan held, white bloom adorns herhand,
A girdle girds her waist in misty band.
We take her for a fairy from above;
Her glance and smile outglow the stars oflove.
Appreciation: Draped in silk, the beauty is likened to a celestial maiden. Herbackward glance outshines starlight, full of exaggerated praise.
2、《贈(zèng)別二首·其一》
（唐）杜牧
娉娉裊裊十三余，豆蔻梢頭二月初。
春風(fēng)十里揚(yáng)州路，卷上珠簾總不如。
賞析：以豆蔻梢頭二月花喻十三少女，春風(fēng)十里揚(yáng)州路皆不及，對(duì)比手法寫(xiě)出獨(dú)一無(wú)二的驚艷。
Two Farewell Poems (I)
by Du Mu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Graceful and fair, just turned thirteenyears old,
Like cardamom buds in early spring unfold.
Through Yangzhou’smiles where vernal breezes play,
No maid behind pearl veils can rival herarray.
Appreciation: The teenage girl is compared to cardamom buds. No beauty inYangzhou can match her, highlighting her matchless charm via contrast.
3、《西宮秋怨》
（唐）王昌齡
芙蓉不及美人妝，水殿風(fēng)來(lái)珠翠香。
誰(shuí)分含啼掩秋扇，空懸明月待君王。
賞析：芙蓉不及美人妝，卻只能掩扇含啼、空待君王，榮寵與孤寂的反差道盡宮怨。
Autumn Grief in the Western Palace
By Wang Cháng líng (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Lotus cannot compete with her fair face,
Breeze through lake hall wafts the scent ofgem and lace.
She hides her tears behind the autumn fan,
Waiting in vain for lord ‘neath moon’s soft span.
Appreciation: Her beauty outshines lotus, yet she weeps alone waiting for theking, revealing palace sorrow through contrast of glory and loneliness.
4、《詠苧蘿山》
（唐）李白
西施越溪女，出自苧蘿山。
秀色掩今古，荷花羞玉顏。
浣紗弄碧水，自與清波閑。
皓齒信難開(kāi)，沉吟碧云間。
勾踐徵絕艷，揚(yáng)蛾入?yún)顷P(guān)。
提攜館娃宮，杳渺詎可攀。
一破夫差國(guó)，千秋竟不還。
賞析：西施之美令荷花羞慚，浣紗碧水間清純天然，最終助越滅吳卻不復(fù)返，命運(yùn)起伏令人唏噓。
Ode to Mount Zhuluo
By Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
A Yue maid dwelt beside the stream below,
On Zhuluo Hill her early days did know.
Her grace outshines all beauties throughthe ages;
Lotus hangs head before her jade-likefaces.
She rinsed fine silk amid the crystal tide,
At one with waves in tranquil joy andpride.
Her white teeth seldom parted for a word,
She mused alone where floating clouds wereheard.
Lord Goujian called for her of peerlessgrace,
She stepped through Wu’s gate with a gentle face.
Conveyed to Guanwa Palace tall and grand,
Her lofty state no common folk could stand.
She brought King Fuchai’s realm to final fall,
And never came back through the ages all.
Appreciation: Xi Shi’s beauty shames lotus. Pure by the stream, she conquered Wubut never returned, stirring sighs over her tragic fate.
5、西施詠
(唐) 王維
艷色天下重，西施寧久微。
朝仍越溪女，暮作吳宮妃。
賤日豈殊眾，貴來(lái)方悟稀。
邀人傅香粉，不自著羅衣。
君寵益嬌態(tài)，君憐無(wú)是非。
當(dāng)時(shí)浣紗伴，莫得同車歸。
持謝鄰家子，效顰安可希。
賞析：同為西施，貧賤時(shí)無(wú)人識(shí)，尊貴后萬(wàn)般稀罕，以地位變遷諷喻世態(tài)炎涼與效顰可笑。
Song of Xi Shi
By Wang Wei (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
All men hold beauty high throughout theland;
How could Xi Shi live lowly and stand?
At dawn she rinsed silk by Yue’s quiet stream,
At dusk a royal bride in Wu’s supreme.
When poor, she looked no different from therest;
When noble, her rare charm stood manifest.
She lets her maids apply the fragrantpowder,
And dress her up in robes of silk andflower.
The monarch’s lovemakes her more mild and sweet,
His fond indulgence blurs all right andmeet.
Her former mates who shared the stream’s old scene,
Could not ride with her in the royal sheen.
Tell then the maid who copies her sadfrown:
Such grace can never be attained by clown.
Appreciation: Unnoticed in poverty yet cherished as a concubine, Xi Shi’s fatesatirizes fickle worldly views and blind imitation.
6、《西施》
（唐）羅隱
家國(guó)興亡自有時(shí)，吳人何苦怨西施。
西施若解傾吳國(guó)，越國(guó)亡來(lái)又是誰(shuí)？
賞析：家國(guó)興亡自有定數(shù)，何必歸咎西施，反問(wèn)句直指遷怒美人的荒謬，見(jiàn)識(shí)不凡。
Xi Shi
by Luo Yin (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
A realm’s rise andfall follows fate’s own way;
Why lay Wu’s ruinon Xi Shi’s fair sway?
If she alone could make the Wu realm fall,
Who then brought Yue’s own doom, one and all?
Appreciation: Dynastic rise and fall lie in fate, not beauty. Rhetoricalquestions expose the absurdity of blaming women for national ruin.
7、《詠懷古跡·其三》
（唐）杜甫
群山萬(wàn)壑赴荊門(mén)，生長(zhǎng)明妃尚有村。
一去紫臺(tái)連朔漠，獨(dú)留青冢向黃昏。
畫(huà)圖省識(shí)春風(fēng)面，環(huán)佩空歸夜月魂。
千載琵琶作胡語(yǔ)，分明怨恨曲中論。
賞析：明妃一去紫臺(tái)連朔漠，獨(dú)留青冢向黃昏，畫(huà)圖誤人、環(huán)佩空歸，千載琵琶訴不盡怨恨。
On the Ancient Sites (III)
by Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Mountains and vales converge on Jingmensteep,
Where stands the village of the Consortdeep.
She left the palace for the northern sand,
Her green tomb faces dusk on desert land.
The king knew but her face from paintedscroll,
Her spirit wanders ‘neath the moon, bell rolls.
Through ages, pipa hums the nomad lay,
Her endless grief resounds in every play.
Appreciation: Zhaojun left the palace for the desert, leaving only her greentomb. The pipa carries endless grief for thousands of years.
8、《王昭君二首·其一》
（唐）李白
漢家秦地月，流影照明妃。
一上玉關(guān)道，天涯去不歸。
漢月還從東海出，明妃西嫁無(wú)來(lái)日。
燕支長(zhǎng)寒雪作花，蛾眉憔悴沒(méi)胡沙。
生乏黃金枉圖畫(huà)，死留青冢使人嗟。
賞析：漢月照明妃，一上玉關(guān)永不歸，胡沙埋沒(méi)蛾眉，死留青冢令人嗟嘆，寫(xiě)盡遠(yuǎn)嫁之悲。
Two Poems on Wang Zhaojun (I)
by Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
The Han moon glides o’er Qin’s old land below,
Its rays caress the fair Consort in woe.
Past Jade Gate she fared to distant land,
And never came back to her native strand.
The Han moon rises from the eastern tide,
Yet she, wed west, no homeward path couldbide.
On Yanzhi Hills, cold snow blooms all yearlong,
Her fair brows fade amid the desert throng.
For lack of gold, her true looks weredisguised,
Her green tomb stirs the world to mourn andsighs.
Appreciation: The Han moon witnesses Zhaojun’s permanent exile. Buried in desertsands, her green tomb evokes endless sorrow for her distant marriage.
9、《清平調(diào)詞三首·其一》
（唐）李白
云想衣裳花想容，春風(fēng)拂檻露華濃。
若非群玉山頭見(jiàn)，會(huì)向瑤臺(tái)月下逢。
賞析：以云喻衣、花喻容，極寫(xiě)貴妃天姿仙韻；暗含“群玉山”“瑤臺(tái)”之典，贊其非凡塵之貌，盡顯盛唐雍容氣象。
Ballad of Pure Joy (I)
by Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Clouds mimic her gown, blooms her fairface;
Breeze stirs the rail where dewdrops glowapace.
Were she not seen on Jade Peak’s lofty crest,
She’d be the fairyon Moon Terrace blest.
Appreciation: Clouds and flowers mirror her grace. Allusions to fairy peaks frameher as an immortal, embodying the grandeur of the prosperous Tang.
10、《馬嵬二首·其一》
（唐）李商隱
冀馬燕犀動(dòng)地來(lái)，自埋紅粉自成灰。
君王若道能傾國(guó)，玉輦何由過(guò)馬嵬。
賞析：冀馬燕犀動(dòng)地而來(lái)，紅粉自埋成灰，反問(wèn)君王若真知傾國(guó)之禍，何至馬嵬悲劇。
Mawei (I)
By Li Shangyin (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
War steeds and armoured troops shake eartharound,
The fair one falls and fades to ash andground.
If beauty could indeed a kingdom break,
Why rode the royal cart through Mawei’swake?
Appreciation:Invading troops brought the beauty’s death. Rhetorical questioning blames theemperor rather than the lady for the disaster.
11、于闐采花
（唐）李白
于闐采花人，自言花相似。
明妃一朝西入胡，胡中美女多羞死。
乃知漢地多名姝，胡中無(wú)花可方比。
丹青能令丑者妍，無(wú)鹽翻在深宮里。
自古妒蛾眉，胡沙埋皓齒。
賞析：明妃西入胡，胡中美女羞死，反襯漢地多姝，末尾點(diǎn)出自古蛾眉遭妒，胡沙埋皓齒。
Gathering Flowers in Khotan
By Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
The flower gatherers of Khotan say,
Their blooms rival all beauties in theirway.
Yet when the Consort went to northern land,
All local maids felt shame and could notstand.
We know the Han realm breeds the fairestrace,
No bloom in foreign lands can match hergrace.
A painter’s skillcan make plain faces glow,
While ugly Wuyan dwells in courts below.
Fair beauty has long stirred the jealousheart,
Bright smiles lie buried in the desertmart.
Appreciation: Zhaojun outshines all foreign beauties, proving Han women’s grace.The poem laments that lovely women have long suffered jealousy.
12、《寄贈(zèng)薛濤》
（唐）元稹
錦江滑膩蛾眉秀，幻出文君與薛濤。
言語(yǔ)巧偷鸚鵡舌，文章分得鳳凰毛。
紛紛辭客多停筆，個(gè)個(gè)公卿欲夢(mèng)刀。
別后相思隔煙水，菖蒲花發(fā)五云高。
賞析：錦江秀色孕育文君與薛濤，鸚鵡舌喻言辭伶俐，鳳凰毛贊文章出眾，才情壓倒眾人。
To Xue Tao
By Yuan Zhen (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
By Jin River live two fair ladies bright,
Wenjun and Xue Tao, born of grace andlight.
Your speech is witty as a parrot’s lay,
Your verse bears phoenix’ noble plume each day.
Great poets pause, their writing laidaside,
Lords yearn for home where peaceful tidesabide.
Mist and broad streams divide us since wepart,
Sweet calamus blooms ‘mid five-hued clouds apart.
Appreciation: Jin River nurtures two talented ladies. Her witty words andbrilliant writings outshine all other scholars and officials.
13、《采蓮曲二首?其二》唐?王昌齡
荷葉羅裙一色裁，芙蓉向臉兩邊開(kāi)。
亂入池中看不見(jiàn)，聞歌始覺(jué)有人來(lái)。
賞析：人荷一色，渾然難辨；聞歌始覺(jué)，以聲襯靜。勾勒采蓮女天真嬌憨之態(tài)，畫(huà)面靈動(dòng)，余韻悠長(zhǎng)。
Song of Lotus Pickers (II)
By Wang Cháng líng (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Her silk skirt blends with lotus leaves inone,
Pink blooms lean close beside her fair facedone.
Amid the pond she fades from human eye,
We know her near but for her song on high.
Appreciation: The girl blends with lotus flowers; her song breaks the silence,painting a lively, innocent maiden with lingering charm.
14、《越女詞五首?其三》唐?李白
耶溪采蓮女，見(jiàn)客棹歌回。
笑入荷花去，佯羞不出來(lái)。
賞析：耶溪采蓮女見(jiàn)客棹歌回，笑入荷花佯羞不出來(lái)，少女?huà)珊┬邼畱B(tài)躍然紙上。
Song of Yue Maidens (III)
By Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Lotus maids row on Yexi stream so clear,
They turn and sing when strangers drawnear.
Laughing, they hide amid the lotus bloom,
Feign shy and linger in the flowered room.
Appreciation: The lotus girl hides bashfully amid blooms when strangers pass,vividly depicting youthful shyness and cuteness.
15、 《贈(zèng)荷花》唐?李商隱
世間花葉不相倫，花入金盆葉作塵。
惟有綠荷紅菡萏，卷舒開(kāi)合任天真。
此花此葉常相映，翠減紅衰愁殺人。
賞析：世間花葉不相倫，惟綠荷紅菡萏卷舒天真，花葉相映同衰榮，寄托人生相伴之愿。
To the Lotus
By Li Shangyin (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
Most flowers and leaves divide their fateapart,
Flowers in gold bowls, leaves turn to dustyart.
Only green leaves and red lotus stand asone,
Unfurl and fold in purest grace alone.
They glow and shine each other side byside;
When bloom fades low, our hearts aregrieved and tried.
Appreciation: Unlike other plants, lotus leaves and flowers thrive and fadetogether, embodying the wish for lifelong companionship.
16、《春詞》唐?劉禹錫
新妝宜面下朱樓，深鎖春光一院愁。
行到中庭數(shù)花朵，蜻蜓飛上玉搔頭。
賞析：新妝下樓卻深鎖春光，數(shù)花朵遣愁，蜻蜓飛上玉搔頭，以靜景寫(xiě)深閨寂寞。
Spring Verse
By Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Yongli
In fair new dress she leaves the crimsontower,
Spring fills the yard with lingering griefand power.
She walks the court and counts eachblooming flower,
A dragonfly alights on her jade hair bower.
Appreciation: Dressed up yet trapped in a lonely yard, she counts flowers to easegrief. A dragonfly’s quiet landing highlights her solitary boudoir life.
十六首詠美唐詩(shī)秉持信達(dá)雅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)譯成外文，攜千年佳人風(fēng)韻奔赴四海?？缭秸Z(yǔ)種阻隔，古典絕色走出華夏，將東方獨(dú)有的溫婉雅致送往全球，為世界各地讀者帶去雋永綿長(zhǎng)的審美享受。（王永利）
附：西漢《李延年歌》
北方有佳人，絕世而獨(dú)立。
一顧傾人城，再顧傾人國(guó)。
寧不知傾城與傾國(guó)？佳人難再得。
Song of Li Yannian (Western Han Dynasty)
Li Yannian / Tr. Wang Yongli
In northern lands there dwells a lady fair,
Peerless, aloof, alone she takes her air.
One glance from her would bring a citydown,
A second gaze lays waste a kingdom’s crown.
Know well whole realms and towns may sinkand flee;
Such peerless maid can ne’er be found by thee.
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